When a vertebrae becomes misaligned or moves out of its normal position, this is referred to in the chiropractic profession as spinal joint dysfunction. Joint dysfunction can be caused by a wide range of issues ranging from a minor slip or bump to a car accident or any sudden trauma. When a vertebra's motion is restricted (stuck), the joint can become inflamed which can put pressure on nerves, muscles and other surrounding structures.

The joint dysfunction alters biomechanics and function on the spine. If left untreated, the spine and surrounding structures such as discs can begin to degenerate.

This degeneration becomes more difficult to reverse as time goes by and the surrounding muscles, nerves and bones begin to adjust to the new shape. Because the body is a remarkable machine, it will start to accommodate to these changes by compensating in other areas. The longer the joint dysfunction is untreated, the longer it will take for treatment to return the vertebrae to its normal position.

Spinal joint dysfunction can be identified by its five components:

• Spinal Kinesiopathology (movement of the bones)
• Neuropathophysiology (nerve dysfunction)
• Myopathology (muscle changes)
• Histopathology (tissue damage)
• Pathophysiology (abnormal growth)

Chiropractors are experts in the manipulation of soft and hard tissue. Gentle movements of the spine can restore the proper function to the vertebral joints and spinal muscles.